Internet use linked to depression

There is a strong link between heavy internet use and depression, UK psychologists have said. The study, reported in the journal Psychopathology, found 1.2% of people surveyed were "internet addicts", and many of these were depressed.

The Leeds University team stressed they could not say one necessarily caused the other, and that most internet users did not suffer mental health problems. The conclusions were based on 1,319 responses to an on-line questionnaire. Recruitment was via links on social networking sites. People were asked how much they used the internet and for what purposes. They were also asked a series of questions to assess whether they suffered from depression.

The respondents were aged 16 to 51, with an average age of 21. The authors found that a small number of users had developed a compulsive internet habit, replacing real life social interaction with online chat rooms and social networking sites. They classed 18 respondents - 1.2% of the total - as "internet addicts". This group spent proportionately more time on sex, gambling and online community websites.



Lead author Dr Catriona Morrison said: "The internet now plays a huge part in modern life, but its benefits are accompanied by a darker side. While many of us use the internet to pay bills, shop and send e-mails, there is a small subset of the population who find it hard to control how much time they spend online, to the point where it interferes with their daily activities."

The internet addicts were significantly more depressed than the non-addicted group, with a depression score five times higher. The average score of the internet-addicted group put them in the category of moderate-to-severe levels of depression.

"Our research indicates that excessive internet use is associated with depression, but what we don't know is which comes first - are depressed people drawn to the internet or does the internet cause depression?" said Dr Morrison. "Now we need to investigate the nature of that relationship and consider the issue of causation." Critics of the research say that internet addiction cannot be diagnosed reliably, and the recruiting method could have resulted in a biased sample.